Double hemisphere world map originally drawn by Rumold Mercator, son of Gerhard in 1595. Based on the iconic map of 1569, it continued to be in use by Hondius until 1630.

This map was prepared for Mercator's ambitious project to issue an atlas which could rival Ortelius's "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum". The project was initiated by Rumold, G. Mercator's son and then it was passed to Michael Mercator, his grandson. Ultimately, the family ran out of energy and funds to complete it and the copper plates were purchased by Jodocus Hondius in the early 17th century. He considered this map of such importance that it was included in his atlas until 1630. Due to its distribution, longevity and the authority of the names of Mercator and Hondius, this map proved to be highly influential and has become one of the few maps of the world available to the collector authored by the Mercator family.

Geographically, the map is based on Mercator's wall map of the world issued in 1569, combining multiple elements of geographical knowledge and myth. The continents of the eastern and western hemispheres are broadly correct in outline and easily identifiable. The Far East is depicted with a vast archipelago and Japan is named above modern Indonesia. In Europe, there is even greater accuracy, with the the extent of the Mediterranean Sea aligned with its coastal limits. 

The mythical aspects of Mercator's map are just as prominent. In particular on the North and South Poles; the former shows a clear Northwest passage above North America and the Pole separated into four separate islands surrounding an inland sea which also contains the famous "Rupes Nigra" or mountain of iron which was Mercator's explanation for the source of Magnetic North. 

In the South, Mercator shows an amorphous and little-detailed "Terra Australis" or Southern Land. This was a vast southern landmass, fuelled by uncertain sightings from explorers and a theoretical perception of the South Polar landmass. It amalgamated reports of Tierra del Fuego, possibly various Pacific Islands and Australia. The mini-continent entitled New Guinea is situated adjacent to Terra Australis. Theoretically, this great landmass was believed to encircle the whole world. 

Latin text on verso (image available on request). Repaired centre fold split just going into printed image. Original hand colour. [Shirley 157] [WLD4969]